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Cake day: June 22nd, 2024

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  • Before we had fancy temperature controlled ovens, probably for all but the last 100 years worldwide, bakers used wood fired ovens, coal fired ovens, and solar ovens usually lined with bricks, stone, clay, and/or cast iron. Figuring out the the temperature was a mix of guesswork, rules of thumb, experience, and luck.

    I read somewhere that many bakers were skeptical of this new technology. That a lot of marketing had to be done and it was often sold to beginners as easier to get started baking.

    There are really only 3 temperatures needed. Low, Medium, and High. The other factor is how fast your oven cools down after you add the food.

    When I bake bread I’ll start with a relatively high temperature and the lower it every few minutes to simulate the wood fire slowly dieing back.

    When I bake on an open fire I’ll use a cast iron “Dutch Oven” and put it in the coals or near the coals depending on whether I want “high”, “medium”, or “low”.

    Usually I want high temperatures for pizza. Or for searing and roasting and toasting. Medium temperatures for baking ordinary things (pies, cakes, cookies), and low temperatures for slow roasts or very large and heavy dishes or beans (which take a long time to cook).

    In Farenheit I usually think 400-450 is “high”, 350 is Medium, and 275-325 is low. You can go higher, of course but usually we move to the stove top or grill for that. And lower sometimes, but usually we use a slow cooker for those many hours long projects.






  • The first time I got progressives and went hiking in West Virginia all was fine until we decided to descend the steep rocky trail. It was a horrible experience. One stumble and I’d probably need to be airlifted out. I had to go really slow. Everyone else thought I was being a baby and left me in their dust, so I was alone on the hillside unable to see my feet. It took me a full extra hour to make it back to base. I swore off that style of glasses. 10 years later I got a fancy car with a computer screen dashboard. If I wore my driving glasses, I couldn’t see the computer. If I wore my reading glasses the road signs were blurry, so I’m trying these progressives again. They sometimes make me dizzy. At first I only wore them while driving, but I’ve slowly gotten used to them. I can’t use them for [computer] work because I’d have to perpetually tilt my head up, but I often wear them for more than just driving now. If I’m going hiking I still use my old driving glasses. So I lug around 3 pairs of glasses…












  • Depending on the state there may be different formal definitions based on population and incorporation status. In Ohio, we have townships, villages, and cities. In Pennsylvania they have “boroughs” instead of villages. In NY a borough is a subdivision of a city. I don’t think they have the township organizational structure in Vermont. In Maine there are unincorporated territories (usually just numbered).

    The role of the county government can vary significantly from state to state too.